Differences between Computer Architecture and Computer Organization

 Differences between Computer Architecture and Computer Organization

 

Computer Architecture:

·       Conceptual design of fundamental operational structure of a computer system.

·       Abstract design of the hardware components and their interactions.

·       Focused on internal workings of a computer system,

·       Deals with the high-level design decisions from the cpu, memory, and other hardware components

·       Take decisions from instruction set architecture for data path design, and the control unit design

and use hardware,  

·       Concerned with optimizing the performance of a computer system

 

Computer Organization

·       Operational structure.

·       Focused on implementation details of a computer system.

·       Deals with the low-level implementation detailsà how the components of a computer system are arranged and how they interact to perform the required operations.

·       Concerned with the physical implementation of the architecture designà includes decisions about the interconnection and communication between components, such as the bus structure, memory hierarchy, and input/output systems.

Difference between Computer Architecture and Computer Organization: 

Sno	Contents	Computer Architecture	Computer Organization
1.	Describes	what the computer does.	how it does it.
2.	deals with	functional behaviour of computer systems. (high-level design issues)	structural relationship. (low-level design issues)
4.	Indicates	hardware.	performance.
5.	programmer	view architecture as a series of instructions, addressing modes, and registers.	implementation of the architecture.
6.	designing a computer	fixed first.	decided after its architecture.
7.	Called	Instruction Set Architecture (ISA).	microarchitecture.
8.	Usability	logical functions such as instruction sets, registers, data types, and addressing modes.	physical units like circuit designs, peripherals, and adders.
9.	Architectural categories	The different as follows: Von-Neumann Architecture Harvard Architecture Instruction Set Architecture Micro-architecture System Design	three categories based on the number of address fields: Organization of a single Accumulator. Organization of general registers Stack organization
10.	Visibility	hardware visible.	Only show computer performs.
11.	Coordinates	hardware and software of the system.	handles the segments of the network in a system.
12.	software developer awareness	aware	Not
13.	Examples	- Intel and AMD àx86 processor. Sun Microsystems à SPARC processor. Apple, IBM, and Motorola à PowerPC.	invisible to the programmer.

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